微移植治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的研究现状

Research status on microtransplantation in treatment of hematologic malignancies

微移植是将化疗、异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)、细胞免疫疗法相结合治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的一种新型模式。其在尽可能保留患者自身免疫功能的基础上,采用造血干细胞微量植入,激活患者的免疫系统,诱导移植物抗白血病(GVL)效应,避免移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的发生。微移植不同于传统allo-HSCT,不受患者年龄的限制,主要应用于治疗急性白血病老年患者,能够促进其造血功能恢复,减少感染发生及提高总体生存(OS)率等。为了更好地将微移植应用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤,笔者拟就微移植的作用机制及其在不同血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用及优势和不足等方面的研究现状进行介绍。

Microtransplantation is a new treatment mode of hematologic malignancies,combining chemotherapy,allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)and immunocytotherapy.On the basis of preserving the recipients′own immune function as much as possible,microtransplantation is adopted to activate the patients′immune system,induce the graft-versus-leukemia(GVL)effect,and avoid the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD).Different from traditional allo-HSCT,microtransplantation is not limited by age.It is mainly used in elderly patients with acute leukemia,which can promote hematopoietic recovery,reduce the incidence of infection and improve the overall survival(OS)rate.In order to treat hematologic malignancies with microtransplantation more effectively,this article intends to introduce the research status of microtransplantation in recent years,including its mechanism of action,application in different hematologic malignancies,advantages and disadvantages.