卷丹多倍体新品种‘渝百合1号’的培育

Cultivation of a New Polyploid Lilium lancifolium Variety ’Yu Baihe 1’

卷丹是中国3大药食兼用百合品种之一,具有适应性强、抗病和耐寒等优势。近年来卷丹品种存在不断退化和品质下降的现象,亟待培育新品种。本研究用秋水仙素诱变离体卷丹小鳞茎,获得稳定的变异株系,然后对各株系进行产量评价、营养评价及抗病性评价。结果表明,诱导获得3个稳定的变异株系,染色体在5倍体到6倍体之间,属于非整倍型嵌合体;通过产量性状优选,JD-h-12在鳞茎更新重量和纵径均优于原始材料和其他多倍体系列;JD-h-12鳞茎营养成分较高,其中淀粉、总氨基酸、总多糖和可溶性糖含量分别为30.29%、11.91%、12.92%和0.092%,总生物碱含量较低,仅为0.002%;在抗病性方面,JD-h-12为炭疽病中抗品种,枯萎病的高抗品种。JD-h-12这个株系综合性状较优,2019年12月通过重庆市农作物品种审定委员会鉴定,并命名为‘渝百合1号’。培育百合新品种,对丰富食用百合种类,提高百合市场竞争力,具有十分重要的意义。

As one of the three major lily varieties for both food and medicine in China, Lilium lancifolium has the advantages of strong adaptability, disease resistance and cold resistance. In recent years, the variety of L. lancifolium is degenerating and its quality is declining. In this study, colchicine was used to induce the bulblet of L. lancifolium in vitro, and stable variant lines were obtained. The results showed that three stable mutant lines were obtained, and the chromosomes were between 5~6 ploid, which belonged to aneuploid chimera;Through the optimization of yield characters, JD-h-12 was superior to other polyploid series and original materials in bulb renewal weight and longitudinal diameter;Through nutritional evaluation, JD-h-12 had higher nutritional components in bulb,including starch, total amino acid, total polysaccharide and soluble sugar which was 30.29%, 11.91%, 12.92% and0.092% respectively. The content of total alkaloids was only 0.002%. In the aspect of disease resistance, JD-h-12 is a middle resistant variety to anthracnose and a high resistant variety to fusarium wilt. JD-h-12 has better comprehensive characters. JD-h-12 was identified by Chongqing crop variety approval committee in december 2019 and n amed ’Yu Baihe 1’. It is of great significance to cultivate new varieties of lily for enriching edible lily species and improving lily market competitiveness.