甜瓜栽培品种的遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity of Melon(Cucumis melo L.) Cultivars

为了通过分子水平了解甜瓜品种的遗传多样性,利用36个SSR标记对浙江省种植的甜瓜品种进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明,33个具有多态性SSR标记共产生97个等位基因,每个标记平均产生2.9个等位基因。多态性信息含量(PIC)变化范围为0.029~0.746,平均值为0.412。聚类分析表明,33份材料可明显分成两大类,分别对应于厚皮甜瓜和薄皮甜瓜类型。调查了不同甜瓜品种的果实性状和品质性状,发现有些性状如果形、果重、香气、质地等在厚皮甜瓜和薄皮甜瓜间存在差异。研究结果表明,厚皮甜瓜品种遗传多样性较丰富,但需要利用更多的分子标记才能有效地鉴别不同薄皮甜瓜品种。本研究为高效合理利用品种资源提供了有用信息,为甜瓜育种提供了物质基础。

In order to understand the genetic diversity status of melon cultivars at the molecular level, 33 melon cultivars planted in Zhejiang Province were analyzed by 36 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers. A total of 97 alleles were generated by 33 polymorphic SSR markers with the average number of alleles per marker of 2.9. The polymorphism information content(PIC) ranged from 0.029~0.746 with mean value of 0.412. Cluster analysis showed that the cultivars could be divided into two groups, corresponding to the thick-skinned melon and thin-skinned melon type, respectively. The fruit traits and fruit quality traits were also investigated, and the results showed that some traits such as fruit shape, fruit weight, fragrance and texture varied between the thick-skinned and thin-skinned cultivars. This study suggests the genetic diversity of thick-skinned melon was richer than that of thin-skinned melon. It is necessary to utilize more markers to identify different thin-skinned cultivars. This study provides useful information for efficient and reasonable utilization of resources and lays a foundation for the future melon breeding and improvement.