菊芋块茎浸提液对生菜种子萌发生长的化感作用

Allelopathic effects of extracts from Jerusalem artichoke tuber on seed germination and growth of Lactuca sativa L.

以新鲜菊芋块茎、烘干菊芋块茎全粉和菊粉的水浸液作为化感物质,以发芽率、芽长、根长、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白作为种子萌发和幼苗生长的指标,探讨不同菊芋块茎浸提液对生菜种子萌发生长的化感作用。结果表明:当菊粉溶液浓度为40 mg·mL-1(T4)时,发芽率最高,比对照高20.1%;当干样浸提液浓度为5 mg·mL-1(T1)时,发芽率比对照高9.6%;当干样浸提液浓度为40 mg·mL-1(T4)时,对生菜种苗芽长促进作用最明显,比对照高9.2%,在干样浸提液浓度为5 mg·mL-1(T1)时,根长最长,比对照高28.3%;当菊芋块茎鲜样浸提液浓度为20 mg·mL-1(T3)时,SOD的活性达到最高,而MDA含量低于对照,说明菊芋鲜样浸提液可以有效提高生菜的抗逆性;当菊粉溶液浓度为5 mg·mL-1(T1)和10 mg·mL-1(T2)时,MDA含量和蛋白含量极低,显著低于对照。采用化感综合效应指数分析菊芋块茎浸提液对生菜种子萌发的影响,结果表明,块茎鲜样和干样浸提液对生菜的种子萌发具有明显促进作用,而菊粉溶液具有较强的抑制作用。在实际生产中,应根据不同的生长要求,使用不同浓度的浸提液,以达到最佳的促进效果。研究表明,菊芋全粉可以更有效地作为化感物质,促进生菜种子萌发和幼苗生长。

Taking extracts from fresh Jerusalem artichoke tubers,the powder of drying Jerusalem artichoke tubers and inulin as allelochemicals,we measured germination rate,bud length,root length,superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),and soluble protein to analyze the allelopathic effects of different Jerusalem artichoke tuber extracts on seed germination and growth of lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.).Results showed that at the concentration of inulin solution of 40 mg·m L-1(T4),germination rate was the highest,being 20.1%higher than that of control.In the next place,germination rate was 9.6%higher than that of control when the extract solution concentration of dry sample was 5 mg·m L-1(T1).At the solution concentration of 40 mg·m L-1(T4),dry sample treatment promoted the growth of lettuce seedling’s buds,with a growth rate of 9.2%higher than that of control.When the solution concentration of dry sample was 5 mg·m L-1(T1),lettuce had the longest roots,being 28.3%higher than that of control.When the concentration of fresh extract of Jerusalem artichoke tuber was 20 mg·ml-1(T3),SOD activity of lettuce reached the highest,while MDA content was lower than that of control,indicating that the extract from fresh Jerusalem artichoke tuber could effectively improve the resistance of lettuce.When the concentration of inulin solution was 5 mg·ml-1(T1)and 10 mg·mL-1(T2),the contents of MDA and protein were significantly lower than that of control.The comprehensive allelopathic effect index was used to analyze the effects of Jerusalem artichoke tuber extract on seed germination of lettuce.The extract solution of both fresh and dry Jerusalem artichoke tubers had positive effects on the germination of lettuce,while that of inulin had strong negative effect.In the actual production,different concentrations of extract solution should be applied according to different growth requirements to achieve the best effect.Our results indicated that the powder of Jerusalem artichoke tuber as allelochemicals could play a more effective role in promoting seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce.