法律制度理论的后实证主义面向及其困境

The Aspects and Dilemma of Post-positivism on the Theory of Legal Institution

在承接法律实证主义讨论法律概念问题基本论证思路和方法的基础上,法律制度理论试图在一种"后实证主义"语境下解决法律实证主义所面对的部分理论难题。法律制度理论通过解释性事实命题、法律多元主义和"法律的内在正义要求"命题等面向,展示了其对法律实证主义理论的修正。但这些面向也引发了"折衷主义、概念的混淆与方法论的融合""行为的协作转向"动摇其理论根基等方面的批评。然而,该理论在假设法律共同体成员中的相互理解因素以及创造法的伦理性空间方面,提供了相对比较融贯的论证方法,或许能够超越法律实证主义有关法律与道德之间关系等问题的循环争论,为研究法律概念提供一种更为有效的讨论与思考框架。

On the basic argumentation and methods of legal positivism to discuss legal concepts,the theory of legal institution attempts to solve some of the theoretical problems faced by legal positivism in a"post-positivist"context.The theory of legal institution demonstrates its amendments to the theory of legal positivism through such aspects as interpretative fact propositions,legal pluralism,and the proposition of"internal justice requirements of law".However,these aspects have also triggered criticisms such as"eclecticism,confusion of concepts and fusion of methodologies","collaborative turning of behavior",which shake theoretical foundation of legal positivism.In fact,the theory provides a relatively coherent method of argumentation in terms of the mutual understanding of the members of the legal community and the ethical space of the creation law.Perhaps the theory can go beyond the circular argument of legal positivism regarding the relationship between law and morality,and provide a more effective framework for discussion and thinking on the study of legal concepts.