法律选择标准的多维性及其价值伸张

The Multidimensional Criterion of the Choice of Law and its Value Promotion

当代冲突法中的法律选择方法呈现出多样性,总体上可归纳为联系标准和公正标准。联系标准表现为客观地域联系和主观意志联系,公正标准表现为法律选择的目的要实现一定社会公正或者个案结果公正。法律选择标准需要体现内外价值的平衡。联系标准能够很好地反映法的外在价值,即法的稳定性和可预见性,也能体现一定程度的公平正义,因而是法律选择的基础标准;同时,在特定的涉外民事关系领域,冲突法还需要顺应实体法对公正的较高要求,因而需要在基础标准之上辅以公正标准。法律选择标准的多维性体现了冲突法价值伸张的多元化。因应不同涉外民事关系对冲突法内外价值伸张的不同追求,联系标准和公正标准在冲突法中呈变量波动状态。

Although the approaches of modern choice of law appears to be diversity,they can be concluded into contact criterion and fair one.The contact criterion includes the contact in region and the one by subjective will.The fair criterion means the purpose of the choice of law should reflect social justice or individual case results justice.As a department of law,the conflicts of law should also mirror the external and internal value.The choice criterion should balance these two values.The contact criterion is a basic one as it is good for the external value of law by its clarity and predictability and also may reflect the justice on some extends.That can be used in almost all civil relationship.Meanwhile,in some particular field,the conflicts of law should comply with a higher requirement on justice by the substantive law,so the fair criterion should be an additional one.The multidimensional criterion of the choice of law reflects the diversity of its value promotion.For this reason,the contact criterion and the fair one fluctuates variable in different civil relationship.