论商标法对表达自由的保护

On the Protection of Freedom of Expression in Trademark Law

商标权与表达自由发生冲突的案件在实践中大量存在,具体表现为商标权对表达自由的侵蚀,包括商标权人对他人商业性、非商业性正当使用商标的干涉和对他人使用公共资源的干涉。为对商标权和表达自由提供平衡的保护,美欧商标立法已有针对性规定。我国应在《商标法》中明确规定保护表达自由的条款,对《商标法》第10条第2款和第11条进行修改,以严格限制将公共资源单独注册为普通商标,并摒弃商标淡化相关规定。

Conflicts between trademark rights and freedom of expression are a common existence in practice,which manifest themselves in the erosion of the freedom of expression by trademark rights,including the interference by trademark owners with the legitimate commercial and non-commercial use of their trademarks and the use of public resources by others.In order to provide balanced protection of trademark rights and freedom of expression,US and European trademark legislation has targeted provisions.China should explicitly include provisions protecting freedom of expression in the Trademark Law,amend Articles 10(2)and 11 of the Trademark Law to strictly restrict the registration of public resources per se as ordinary trademarks,and to abandon the relevant provisions relating to trademark dilution.