配方施肥对红锥幼林生理及叶片养分含量的影响

Effects of Formula Fertilization on the Physiology Characteristics and Leaf Nutrition Contents of Young Castanopsis hystrix Stands

以红锥幼林为研究对象,采用N、P、K 3因素3水平正交设计,探究N、P、K配方施肥对红锥幼龄人工林生理和叶片养分的影响,为红锥幼林提供施肥依据。结果表明,T3(N1P3K3)处理下,叶绿素a和b的含量均最高,分别为0.71 mg·g-1和0.38 mg·g-1;T4(N2P1K2)和T5(N2P2K3)处理下红锥叶片的可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量最高,不足或者过量施肥均会降低可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量;增加N肥施用量可使叶片N、P、K含量显著提高,但过量施N导致叶片N含量显著下降,增加P肥施用量会使叶片K含量下降,增加K肥施用量可使叶片N、P、K含量显著提高;主成分分析表明,T4和T5处理下红锥的生长质量最高。T4(N2P1K2)即尿素、过磷酸钙、KCl施用量分别为187.6、148.1、83.3 g/株(N:87.5 g/株,P2O5:81.3 g/株,K2O:50.0 g/株)时,对3 a树龄的红锥幼林生长的促进作用最大。

Young stand of Castanopsis hystrix was used as research object,e,a three-factor and three-level orthogonal design was adopted to study the effects of formula fertilization on the physiological characteristics and leaf nutrition contents to provide scientific fertilization basis for the management of young C.hystrix forest.The results showed that treatmentT3(N1P3K3)presented the highest contents of chlorophyll a(0.71 mg·g-1)and b(0.38 mg·g-1),while T4(N2P1K2)and T5(N2P2K3)exhibited the high contents of soluble sugar and protein.Insufficient or excessive fertilization would reduce the contents of soluble sugar and protein.The application of N could significantly increase the leaf contents of N,P,and K,but the excessive N application could reduce leaf N content.The application of P could decrease the leaf K content,and the application of K could significantly increase the leaf contents of N,P,and K.Principal component analysis demonstrated that the growth quality of young C.hystrix was the highest under treatment T4 and T5,in which the corresponding amounts of the fertilizers of T4 were 187.4(urea),147.8(calcium superphosphate)and 83.3 g/plant(potassium chloride),the equivalents of N,P2O5,and K2O were 87.5,81.3,and 50.0 g/plant.