汉语区别词习得中的形义匹配关系研究——兼谈词类范畴习得的普遍性问题

The Matching Relationship Between Form and Meaning in the Acquisition of Chinese Distinguishing Words

本文以汉语词类系统中的特殊范畴——区别词为例,从构式形义关系的角度系统考察区别词习得中的形义失配表现和适配情况,并从形义关系匹配的参差性入手分析学习者构式意识的发展层级。区别词习得的特殊性揭示了构式习得中的一般性问题,对认识整个词类范畴的习得规律也很有启发。基于此,本文以区别词这个边缘现象的习得为切入点来探讨词类范畴习得的普遍性问题,进而对基于特殊形义关系的构式习得研究路径在偏误分析中的理论价值和实践意义做出新的思考。本文最后探讨了边缘现象、特殊范畴的理论地位问题。

Taking distinguishing words as an example,this article investigates the mismatching and adaptation of form and meaning in their acquisition against the background of construction grammar,based on which the developmental hierarchy of learners’construction awareness is analyzed.Since the idiosyncrasy of distinguishing words reveals the general problems of construction acquisition,it is enlightening to understand the acquisition law of word class as a whole.Therefore,distinguishing words can serve as the starting point to explore some universal characteristics in word class acquisition.Furthermore,the article makes new thinkings on the theoretical value and practical significance of the construction acquisition approach in error analysis.Finally,it discusses the theoretical status of peripheral phenomena and special categories.