黔中地区马尾松-杜鹃植物群落多样性研究

Study on the Plant Community Diversity of Pinus massoniana-Azalea in Central Region of Guizhou

为研究黔中地区马尾松-杜鹃群落的物种组成及结构特点,并为人工营造松马尾松-杜鹃植物群落景观提供理论依据,采用典型样地调查法对群落进行调查。结果表明:研究地共记录植物50科78属91种,乔木层的建群种为马尾松,灌木层建群种为杜鹃,除此之外,分布较广的为禾本科、菊科、忍冬科、蔷薇科植物。灌木层与草本层Simpson指数无显著差异,灌木层、草本层在Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数高于乔木层且差异显著,马尾松与杜鹃在乔灌层次中优势明显。马尾松-杜鹃植物群落乔木层中乔木种类较少,灌木层中物种较为丰富,整体呈现草本层>灌木层>乔木层趋势,样地之间存在明显差异。不同样地的马尾松-杜鹃群落的伴生植物存在差异,植物多样性在不同植物群落空间层次上有差异,草本层植物在数量和种类上占绝对优势,其次是灌木层。

The study aims to investigate the species composition and structural characteristics of Pinus massoniana-Azalea in central region of Guizhou Province by a typical plot survey method, which would provide the theoretical basis for artificially cultivated Pine-Azalea community landscape. The results showed that there area total of 91 species of 78 genera and 50 families of plants were recorded in the study area.The colony species in the arbor layer is P. massoniana and the shrub layer is constructed by Azalea. In addition, the plantswith wide distribution were Gramineae, Asteraceae, Lonicerae and Rosaceae plants.There was no significant difference in the Simpson index between the tree layer and the shrub layer.The shrub layer and herb layer in Pielou evenness index, Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener index were higher than the tree layer with significant difference. Pine.massoniana and Rhododendron had obvious advantages in the arbor and shrub hierarchy.There were fewer species in the trees layer of P.massoniana-Rhododendron community, but more species in the shrub layer.The overall trend was herbaceous layer>shrub layer>tree layer.There were obvious differences between the plots.There were significant differences in the associated plants of P. massoniana-Azalea community,and the plant diversity varied at different spatial levels of plant communities.Herbal layer plants took an absolute advantage in terms of number and species,followed by shrub layer.