小农户衔接现代农业生产:农业保险的要素配置作用——来自第三次全国农业普查的微观证据

Linking Small-scale Farm Households with Modern Agriculture:Factor Allocation Caused by Agricultural Insurance Evidence from the Third National A gricultural Census of China

通过构建农业保险影响小农户衔接现代农业生产的理论框架,基于全国第三次农业普查10270户微观数据,运用了断点回归以及PSM模型进行实证分析,具体考察了参保对小农户规模经营、机械化水平、技术采用、专业化种植以及绿色生产的影响。结果表明:农业保险显著影响了小农户的资源配置方式,主要通过扩大经营规模、提高机械化水平以及增加农业技术采的方式助力小农户衔接现代农业生产;农业保险的要素配置作用存在明显的异质性,参保后,经营面积10亩以下农户多选择"调面积",10-50亩的农户则选择"调结构"以及"机械化",分作物来看,农户对经济类作物表现出"冒进"的生产决策,对粮食作物则相对"保守";通过机制检验,农业保险通过开荒复垦、购买农机服务、引导技术培训、种植非粮化以及增加有机肥施用实现其作用机制。

Constructing the theoretical framework of how farmers ’participation in insurance affects the convergence of small-scale farmers with modern agricultural production.Based on the micro-data of 10270 smallholders in the third national agricultural census,breakpoint regression and PSM model are used for empirical analysis.The effects of farmers ’participation in insurance on scale management,mechanization level,technology adoption,specialized planting and green agricultural production were investigated.The results show that:First,agricultural insurance has significantly affected the resource allocation of small farmers,mainly by expanding the scale of operation,improving the level of mechanization and increasing the use of agricultural technology to help small farmers connect modem agricultural production Secondly,after participating in insurance,small-scale peasant households mostly choose "adjusting area",while larger-scale peasant households choose "adjusting structure" and "mechanization".In terms of crops,peasant households show "rash" production decision-making for economic crops,while relatively "conservative" for food crops.Thirdly,agricultural insurance achieves its function mechanism through reclamation,purchase of agricultural machinery services,guidance of technical training,non-grain planting and increasing the application of organic fertilizer.