PD-1/PD-L1通路在血液系统疾病中的研究进展

Research update on PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in hematological diseases

程序性死亡细胞受体-1 (PD-1)被提出已经27年有余。自PD-1首次发现以来,陆续发现其配体PD-L1和PD-L2,以及其他检查点受体如TIM-3和LAG-3,逐步阐明了PD-1/PD-L1通路的作用机理,推动了肿瘤免疫疗法的迅速发展。目前针对PD-1/PD-L1通路的药物已经上市,包括Pembrolizumab、Nivolumab、Atezolizumab、Avelumab、Durvalumab等,它们被广泛应用于黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、晚期肾细胞癌及肝癌等实体肿瘤的治疗中,取得了显著的疗效。血液系统肿瘤作为人类肿瘤的重要组成部分,免疫疗法也成为近年来研究的热点。这篇综述主要介绍PD-1/PD-L1通路在血液系统中的作用机制,并将其近年来在霍奇金淋巴瘤、白血病等血液系统疾病治疗中的研究进展作一综述,为治疗血液系统疾病提供新的思路和必要依据。

Programmed death cell receptor-1(PD-1)has been proposed for more than 27 years.Since the first discovery of PD-1,its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2,as well as other checkpoint receptors such as TIM-3 and LAG-3,have been found successively.The mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has been gradually clarified,which has promoted the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy.At present,drugs targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have been marketed,including Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab,Atezolizumab,Avelumab,Durvalumab and so on.They are widely applied to the treatment of solid tumors such as melanoma,non-small cell lung cancer,advanced renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma,and have achieved remarkable therapeutic effects.Hematologic tumor is the most important part of human tumor,and immunotherapy has become a focus of research.This artical reviewed the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in the hematologic diseases,and summarized the research progress in the treatment of hematologic diseases such as Hodgkin's lymphoma and leukemia in recent years,in order to provide a new way and necessary basis for treatment of hematologic diseases.