D-氨基葡萄糖抗肿瘤作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on antitumor mechanisms of D-glucosamine

D-氨基葡萄糖是人体内天然存在的氨基己糖,也存在于甲壳类动物的外骨骼中。D-氨基葡萄糖是糖蛋白和蛋白聚糖的重要组成部分,具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗纤维化和免疫调节等药理作用,临床上常用于缓解骨关节炎症状。目前已有大量文献报道有关D-氨基葡萄糖抗肿瘤作用的研究成果,其抗肿瘤的作用机制主要包括抑制癌细胞增殖、诱导癌细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞、缓解炎症反应、诱导癌细胞自噬死亡、逆转肿瘤耐药性、抑制肿瘤血管生成、抑制基质金属蛋白酶的表达、调控转录因子以及免疫调节作用等。通过查阅国内外相关文献报道,综述了D-氨基葡萄糖抗肿瘤作用机制的研究进展,以期为D-氨基葡萄糖的深入研究提供参考。

D-glucosamine is a hexosamine that is produced naturally in human body, which is also found in the exoskeleton of crustaceans. It is an important component of glycoproteins and proteoglycans. D-glucosamine has many pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-fibrosis and immune regulation. It is often used to relieve osteoarthritis in clinical. At present, numerous literatures have reported the research results of the antitumor activity of D-glucosamine, and the molecular mechanisms of which mainly include the suppression of tumor cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and arrest of the cell cycle, the suppression of inflammation, induction of autophagic cell death, reversal of drug-resistance, anti-angiogenic activity, inhibitory effect on matrix metalloproteinases expression, regulation of transcription factors, and immunomodulatory effects. This review summarizes antitumor molecular mechanisms of D-glucosamine in details, in order to provide the scientific basis for the further studies of D-glucosamine.