不同添加剂对白羽肉鸡生长性能、水便、出栏率、抗氧化应激能力的影响

Effects of different additives on growth performance,watery droppings,marketing rate and antioxidant stress capability of white feather broiler chickens

对几种常见添加剂对白羽肉鸡生长性能、水便、出栏率、抗氧化应激能力等影响进行比较研究。试验选取1日龄白羽肉鸡1200羽,随机分为5组处理(对照组、酸化剂组、微生态制剂组、植物精油组、血根碱组),每组12重复,每重复20羽,试验期为42 d。试验中准确记录采食量、增重、料肉比、水便、死淘等指标;试验结束时进行采血,检测血清中氧化应激水平相关指标。结果显示:①试验全期微生态制剂、血根碱组都能提高日增重(P>0.05),降低料肉比,与其他几种添加剂相比,提高日增重、降低料肉比效果血根碱组次于微生态制剂组,但优于其他添加剂组;②在减少水便、提高出栏率方面,血根碱组明显优于其他几种添加剂组,水便率显著低于其他各添加剂组(P<0.05),出栏率显著高于对照组和酸化剂组(P<0.05);③在提高抗氧化应激能力方面,植物精油、血根碱组都提高了血清中抗氧化酶水平(P>0.05),血清中丙二醛、皮质醇浓度显著低于对照组和微生态制剂组(P<0.05),都表现出很好的抗氧化应激能力,其他添加剂组本研究中效果不明显。综上,本研究中微生态制剂、植物精油、血根碱都能促进白羽肉鸡生长、降低料肉比;而在减少水便、提高出栏率、增强抗氧化应激能力方面,血根碱相比其他添加剂表现出不同程度的优势,具有更佳的替抗优势与潜力,可以在肉鸡饲粮中替代促生长类抗生素添加使用。

This study compared the effects of several common additives on the growth performance,wa⁃tery droppings,marketing rate and antioxidant stress capability of white-feather broiler chick⁃ens.1200 white feather broilers of 1-day old were randomly assigned to 5 groups(control group,acidifier group,microecological preparation group,plant essential oil group,and sanguinarine group),with 12 replicates in each group and 20 broilers in each replicate,and the experimental period was 42 days.In the experiment,the indexes such as feed intake,weight gain,feed to gain ratio,watery droppings,mortality and cull rate were recorded accurately.Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment to detect the related indexes of oxidative stress in serum.The results showed:①In the experiment,both the microecological preparation group and the sanguinarine group could significantly increase daily gain(P>0.05)and significantly reduce the feed to gain ratio(P<0.05).Compared with other additive products,the effect of the sanguinarine group for increasing daily gain and reducing feed to gain ratio was only inferior to that of the microecological preparation group,but superior to that of other additive groups;②In terms of reducing watery droppings and increasing marketing rate,the sanguinarine group was superior to several other additives,and the rate of watery droppings was signifi⁃cantly lower than that of other additives group(P<0.05),and the marketing rate was significantly high⁃er than that of other additives group(P<0.05);③In terms of enhancing the antioxidant stress capabili⁃ty,both the plant essential oil and the sanguinarine group increased the serum antioxidant enzyme lev⁃el(P>0.05),and significantly reduced the serum malondialdehyde and cortisol levels(P<0.05),both showing good antioxidant stress capability,while the other additive group showed no obvious effect in this study.To sum up,In this study,microecological preparations,plant essential oils and sanguinarine could promote the growth of white-feathered broiler chickens and reduce feed to gain ratio.Compared with other additive products,sanguinarine has obvious advantages(P<0.05)in terms of reducing watery droppings,increasing marketing rate and enhancing the antioxidant stress capability.It has better ad⁃vantages and potential of replacing antibiotics and can be used as a substitute for growth-promoting an⁃tibiotics in broilers'diets.