基于波浪载荷的易流态化固体散货海运安全量化研究

Quantification study on maritime safety of easy liquefiable solid bulk cargo based on wave load

为降低船舶因载运易流态化固体散货而发生事故的风险,采用科学方法评估易流态化固体散货的适运条件,基于各主要海域的年均波浪谱和船舶摇荡运动计算方法,采用波能理论研究货物在运输过程中所受到的外界环境振荡载荷,提出不同航区安全运输的载荷阈值,并将易流态化固体散货在运输中所受实际载荷与载荷阈值之比作为判断易流态化固体散货水运安全的量化标准并验证其可靠性,从而预测易流态化固体散货的运输安全性,为散货船海上运输提供参考.

In order to reduce the risk of accidents resulted from easy liquefiable solid bulk cargo, the suitable transportation conditions of easy fluidized solid bulk cargo were evaluated by using scientific methods. Based on the annual average wave spectrum of each main sea area and the calculation method of ship sway motion, the external environment oscillation load of cargo during transportation was studied by the wave energy theory, the load threshold value of safe transportation in different navigation areas was proposed, and the ratio between the actual load and the load threshold was taken as the quantitative standard to judge the water transportation safety, and to verify its reliability, therefor to predict the transportation safety of the easy fluidization solid bulk cargo, which provides a reference for the sea transportation of the bulk cargo ship.