老年脑小血管病患者音乐感知能力的临床研究

Clinical study of musical cognition in aged smallessel disease patients

目的探究老年脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者音乐感知能力的特点。方法2019年1月~9月在解放军总医院第七医学中心神经内科就诊的老年脑白质损害患者35例(CSVD组),另选择年龄与性别与之匹配的健康体检者32例(对照组),利用蒙特利尔失歌症成套测验(Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia,MBEA)测评被试包括音高、节奏、记忆在内的音乐感知能力。同时收集人口学资料及认知功能测评数据。采用Pearson相关分析统计音乐感知能力得分与其他指标的相关性。结果CSVD组在音高、节奏、记忆以及总得分上均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,节奏得分主要与DSST相关(r=-0.374,P=0.002);记忆得分主要与DSST(r=-0.278,P=0.023)和CRT(r=0.323,P=0.008)相关;总得分主要与DSST(r=-0.338,P=0.005)和CRT(r=0.247,P=0.044)相关。结论音乐感知能力测评显示,老年CSVD患者与健康体检者有明显差异,有助于发现老年CSVD患者在执行功能方面存在的损害。

Objective To explore the characteristics of musical cognition in aged Cerebral Small Vessel Disease(CSVD)patients.Methods Thirty-five aged CSVD individuals as well as 32 elderly subjects were recruited from Jan to Sep 2019 in Department of Neurology,the Seventh Medical Center for PLAGH.Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia(MBEA)was chosen to analyze musical cognition,including pitch,rhythm and memory scores.Meanwhile,demographic data and amount of cognitive assessments were also collected.Student t-test for two independent samples was used to compare the data between groups,Pearson correlations were chosen to analyze the relationship between musical cognition parameters and other variants.Results Compared to control group,aged CSVD individuals showed significant different ability of musical cognition,reflected by lower scores in pitch,rhythm and memory(P<0.05).Rhythm score correlated with Digital Symbol Substitution Test(DSST)(r=0.374,P=0.002).Memory score correlated with DSST(r=0.278,P=0.023)as well as Choice Reaction Time(CRT)(r=0.323,P=0.008).Total score correlated with DSST(r=0.338,P=0.005)as well as CRT(r=0.247,P=0.044).Conclusion Significant differences could be found in musical cognition between aged CSVD patients and elderly control,and could be helpful to reveal the executive dysfunctions in aged CSVD subjects.