子女照顾者同步教育在老年髋部骨折患者术后康复中的应用

Application of simultaneous education of child caregivers in postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients with hip fractures

目的探讨子女照顾者同步教育对老年髋部骨折患者术后康复效果的影响。方法2017年6月-2019年8月在南宁市某三级甲等医院骨科选取100对老年髋部骨折患者及其子女照顾者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分成两组,观察组和对照组各50对。对照组接受常规教育及出院指导,观察组在对照组护理基础上施加子女照顾者同步教育。于出院时、出院1个月及出院3个月时评估老年髋部骨折患者Haris髋关节功能评分、Barthel指数和康复训练依从性;同时,收集出院后3个月内患者坠积性肺炎、压力性损伤和下肢DVT发生率。结果观察组患者在出院1、3个月时Haris髋关节功能评分、Barthel指数、康复训练依从性均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者3个月内坠积性肺炎发生率、并发症总发生率均低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),压力性损伤和下肢DVT发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论子女照顾者同步教育可提高老年髋部骨折患者出院后的康复效果和锻炼依从性,可降低坠积性肺炎发生情况。

Objective To explore effects of simultaneous education of child caregivers on postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients with hip fractures.Methods From June 2017 to August 2019,a total of 100 pairs of elderly patients with hip fractures and their caregivers from Department of Orthopedics in a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Nanning were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group by the random number table method,with 50 pairs in each group.The control group was given routine education and discharge guidance while the observation group was given synchronous education of child caregivers on the basis of control group.The Haris hip function score,Barthel index and rehabilitation training compliance of elderly patients with hip fractures were evaluated at the time of discharge,1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge.At the same time,the incidence of hypostatic pneumonia,stress injury and lower limb DVT were collected within 3 months after discharge.Results At 1 and 3 months after discharge,Haris hip function score,Barthel index and rehabilitation training compliance in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rates of hypostatic pneumonia and complications in observation group were lower than those in control group,within 3 months after discharge,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant differences in the incidence of pressure injury and lower limb DVT between two groups within 3 months after discharge(P>0.05).Conclusions Simultaneous education of child caregivers can improve the rehabilitation effect and exercise compliance of elderly patients with hip fractures after discharge and reduce the incidence of hypostatic pneumonia.