人道主义干涉的概念界定及其争议的学术审思

On the Definition of Humanitarian Intervention and Its Disputes in Academic Considerations

人道主义干涉是当前国际政治发展所面临的重大问题,也是回答“世界怎么了,我们怎么办”这一问题时不容回避的重要命题。“人道主义”概念自诞生以来,其内涵经历了存在和实证的多重发展,有一个不断丰富和发展的过程。学界关于人道主义干涉争诉不断的关键原因在于,未能从理论上界定清楚人道主义干涉、人道主义干预、人道主义援助之间的联系与区别。对人道主义干涉基本概念理论内涵的清晰界定,是科学透视后冷战时代人道主义干涉的两种不同发展路向的理论基础。西方人道主义理论是“干涉”的理论,其实质是把人道主义当成干涉的借口。把生命权、发展权作为维护基本人权的出发点,才是真正的人道主义关怀。

Humanitarian intervention is a major issue in current international political development.It is also an important proposition that cannot be avoided when answering the question of“what's wrong with the world and how should we respond to it”.Since the concept of“humanitarianism”was born,its connotations have experienced a multiple development of being and empirical study,which is a process of constant enrichment and development.The key reason for the continuous arguments about humanitarian intervention in the academic circle lies in that the connection and difference between humanitarian intervention and humanitarian assistance are not clearly defined in theory.The clear definition of the theoretical connotation of humanitarian intervention is the theoretical basis for a thorough analysis of the two different development directions of humanitarian intervention in the post-Cold War era.The western humanitarian theory is the theory of“interference”,and its essence is the excuse for interference.The true humanitarian concern means taking the right to life and the right to development as the starting point for safeguarding the basic human rights.