“文学者,心艺也”:刘永济的文学观

"Art of Mind": LIU Yongji′s View of Literature

刘永济的《文学论》作为近代较早出现的文学理论著作之一,其文学观念与体例建构对古代文论的现代转换具有重要意义。刘永济在传统的“文为心学”的基础上提出“文学者,心艺也”,这一观念不仅回答了文学是什么,更强调了文学乃是艺术的一种,其必然要注重审美性。虽然刘永济的文学观未必尽善尽美,但在20世纪西学涌进的时代,能够立足于传统,致力于中国特色的文论书写,对当下探究新的文学研究思路仍然具有重要参考价值。

As one of the earliest literary theory works in modern times, LIU Yongji′s Literary Theory is of great significance to the modern transformation of ancient literary theory. LIU Yongji put forward the view of "the literature is the art of mind" on the basis of traditional theory of "the philosophy of the mind". This idea not only answers what literature is, but also emphasizes that literature is a kind of art, which must pay attention to aesthetics. Although the early introduction to literature may not be perfect, in the 20th century while western learning came into, it can be based on the tradition and devoted to the writing of literary theory with Chinese characteristics. Its literary concept and writing style still have an important reference significance to explore new literary research ideas.