从“钵剌迦罗”到“钵剌迦罗八部”:一种印度论体在藏文化语境中的嬗变

From Prakaranas to the Eight Prakaranas:the Evolution of an Indian-style Discourse in Tibetan Context

梵语“钵剌迦罗”一词,藏文译作■,是一种独立的议论性文体,相当于现在的学术论文。然而,至少产生于公元前1世纪左右的这一古印度论体,在藏文化语境中发生了质的变化。公元8—9世纪初始至今,藏文文献使用“钵剌迦罗八部”这样的概念来指称世亲《三十论》等唯识学经典。但事实上,“钵剌迦罗八部”并不适用于世亲上述著作中的全部,这一概念恰恰模糊了“钵剌迦罗”作为独立文体的性质特征。

The Sanskrit word Prakaranas means“rab tu byed pa”in Tibetan,which is an independent style of argumentative writing similar to theory of academic dissertation in nowadays.However,the ancient Indian-style of argumentative writing which produced approximately the first century evoluted qualitatively in Tibetan context.Around 8-9th centuries to so far,the Eight Prakaranas in Tibetan documents refers to Trimsika Karika or The Thirty Verses(on Cittamatra),which among classics by Vasubandhu’s Vijnaptimatrata school.In fact,the Eight Prakaranas is not applicable for all works mentioned above by Vasubandhu for the concept confused the nature of independent type of writing in Prakaranas.