饮食护理对胃癌根治术术后患者胃肠道功能恢复及并发症的影响

Effects of dietary nursing on postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function and complications after radical gastrectomy

目的探讨饮食护理对胃癌根治术患者术后胃肠道功能恢复、营养指标及并发症的影响。方法选取2018年1月至2018年12月间延安市人民医院收治的80例胃癌根治术术后患者。根据治疗方法不同进行分组,其中,采用常规护理的40例患者纳入对照组,在常规护理基础上联合实施饮食护理的40例患者纳入观察组,观察两组患者术后胃肠功能恢复时间、营养指标及并发症情况。结果观察组患者术后首次肛门通气时间、首次肛门排便时间、首次进流质时间和住院时间均明显短于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。术后第1天,两组患者转铁蛋白(TRF)、血清白蛋白(AIB)及前白蛋白(PAB)指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3个月和术后6个月,两组患者的TRF、AIB和PAB指标均升高,观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为10.0%,低于对照组的32.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论饮食护理显著改善术后患者营养状况,缩短患者胃肠恢复时间和康复时间,降低并发症,效果显著,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effects of dietary nursing on postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function,nutritional index and complications after radical gastrectomy.Methods Eighty patients admitted to Yan’an People’S Hospital for radical gastrectomy from January 2018 to December 2018 were enrolled.They were randomly divided into two groups based on the treatment they received.Forty patients receiving dietary nursing besides conventional nursing were included in an observation group and 40 patients receiving conventional nursing were included in a control group.Time to postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function,nutritional indicators and complications were observed.Results The time to anal exhaust,time to defecation,time to liquid diet and length of hospital stay was shorter in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in transferrin(TRF),serum albumin(AIB)and prealbumin(PAB)at 1 d after the operation between the two groups(P>0.05).At 3 months and 6 months after the operation,TRF,AIB and PAB levels increased with the observation group higher than the control group(all P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications was 10.0%in the observation group which was significantly lower than 32.5%of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary nursing can significantly improve the nutritional status,shorten time to postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function,and reduce the complications.