幽门螺杆菌生物学特征及其感染的实验室检测

Biological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori and laboratory detection of its infection

幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)为微需氧的呈螺旋形革兰阴性螺杆菌。“幽门螺杆菌的发现加深了人类对慢性感染、炎症和癌症之间关系的认识。”因此,H.pylori感染的实验室检测备受关注。H.pylori实验室检测主要分为侵入性及非侵入性检测。侵入性技术是通过纤维胃镜采集受检者胃粘膜病变组织进行检测,检测方法有:H.pylori分离培养、PCR技术、快速尿素酶试验、胃粘膜组织直接涂片或者采用组织切片染色镜检。非侵入性方法有尿素呼气试验、血清H.pylori-抗体试验以及H.pylori-抗原检测等。侵入性检测技术具有较高的实验诊断的特异性和准确性。非侵入性技术显然是无创性或相对简单的方法,虽然其准确性差异较大(取决于所使用的试剂盒),却是对H.pylori感染的实验诊断实用的检测技术。

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a microaerobic spiral Gram-negative Helicobacter.“The discovery of H.pylori has deepened our understanding of the relationship between chronic infection,inflammation and cancer.”As a result,laboratory detection of H.pylori infection has attracted much attention.H.pylori laboratory tests are mainly divided into invasive and non-invasive tests.The invasive technique is to collect the gastrointestinal lesions tissues of the subject through fiber gastroscopy.The detection methods include H.pylori isolation and culture,PCR technology,rapid urease test,direct gastric mucosa tissue smearing or tissue microscopy.Non-invasive methods include urea breath test,serum H.pylori-antibody test,and H.pyloriantigen detection.Invasive detection technology has higher specificity and accuracy.Non-invasive technology is obviously a non-invasive or relatively simple method.Although its accuracy varies greatly(depending on the kit),it is a practical detection technology for the experimental diagnosis of H.pylori infection.