湖南邵阳话中表示“无所谓”的“叫+Pro+莫(+XP)”句式——兼谈汉语方言中同类句式的来源

The Structure of“Jiao(叫)+Pro+Mo(莫)+XP”Expressing Indifference in Shaoyang Dialect in Hunan Province:Concurrently on the Source of Similar Structure in Chinese Dialects

湘语邵阳话中,否定的兼语句式"叫+Pro+莫(+XP)"可以表示说话人对Pro所代表的人或事物是否发出XP所示的动作、是否出现XP所示的新情况持无所谓的态度,该句式多用于对话中的后一个话轮,是出现在对方对自己构成"面子威胁"的语用环境中的一种面子保全策略。这种用法是由"叫+Pro+莫+XP"句式所表示的否定使令(即禁止)义发展而来,其间经历了一个语法化的竞争、选择和语用推理的过程。这种关于该句式来源的构拟,对于其他汉语方言中的同类句式也有适用性。

In Shaoyang Dialect,the negative pivotal sentence pattern"Jiao(叫)+Pro+Mo(莫)+XP"expresses the speaker’s indifferent attitude with regard to whether the people or things that Pro represents perform an action or the new situation that XP represents happens.The Structure is often used in the latter part of the conversation,which is a face-saving strategy that appears in the context of"face threatening".This usage is developed from the negative imperative of the structure,during the the process it experiences a grammaticalization of competition,choice and pragmatic inference.The reconstruction of the source of this structure is appropriate for similar usages in other dialects.