可持续旅游生计研究进展综述

Reviews on Sustainable Livelihood for Tourism

可持续生计框架为研究贫困提供了系统的研究视角。可持续旅游生计与旅游精准扶贫在长效持续脱贫目标上具有一致性。本文对可持续旅游生计框架的内容进行了综述,发现脆弱性背景复杂,影响生计资本变化;对旅游生计资本在生计五边形的基础上进行扩充,引入制度、文化、吸引力及认知资本等;认为旅游发展改变生计资本的储备质量及组合状况,生计资本变化及组织与制度的转变影响生计策略的选择,从而影响生计结果。旅游开发对当地居民生计资本的改善及生计方式的转变具有重要意义,同时存在体制不完善、居民自身限制等制约因素。未来需要加强旅游生计多样化融合机制、旅游生计专业化及动态演变等方面的研究,以期为我国旅游精准扶贫实施及评估提供理论及方法支撑。

SLA provides a systematic method for poverty research. Sustainable livelihoods for tourism and tourism accurate poverty alleviation are consistent with the goal of long-term and sustained poverty alleviation. Based on analyze of relevant concepts, the paper reviews the research contents of SLFT. Vulnerability contexts are complex, which affects the change of livelihood capital. Tourism livelihood capital is expanded on the basis of livelihood Pentagon, introducing institutional capital, cultural capital, attractive capital and psychological expectant capital. Tourism development changes the reserves, quality and composition of the livelihood capital.Livelihood capital and the transformation of structures and processes affect the choice of livelihood strategies, thus affecting the livelihoods. Tourism development has enabled people to expand their livelihoods and increase the sustainability of livelihoods. However,there are constraints such as imperfect political systems and residents’ own problems. Research of livelihood diversification, tourism livelihood specialization and dynamics will strengthen in the future, so as to provide theoretical and methodological support for the implementation and evaluation of tourism accurate poverty alleviation in China.