农村集体产权制度改革路径与实践剖析——来自西安市21个村庄的调研

Analysis of the reform path and practice of rural collective property right system:Based on the survey of 21 villages in Xi’an

推进农村集体产权制度改革是壮大集体经济实现乡村振兴的重要步骤。基于贫困村与非贫困村视角,以陕西省西安市21个改革试点村为研究对象,在梳理农村集体产权制度改革路径推进流程的基础上,分析其在清产核资、成员界定、股权管理和新经济组织组建过程的差异,探讨适应农村集体经济发展的改革路径。结果表明,样本村农村集体产权制度改革的路径推进流程相同,但非贫困村借助之前参与的村企合作计划优势,农村集体产权制度改革呈现"主动对接、企业参与"的特征,贫困村则呈现"政府引导、稳健发展"的特征。农村集体产权制度改革的成功不仅仅需要政府的推动,更需要借助企业资金与技术注入的外部优势,以及参与改革的村庄积极寻找盘活自身农业资源的途径,发挥自身的内部优势。为此,提出政府搭建公共平台、村庄盘活自身农业资源,创新发展集体经济,联合社会资本与技术,优化新经济组织管理结构等建议。

Promoting the reform of rural collective property right system is a significant procedure to strengthen the collective economy and to realize rural revitalization.Based on a survey data of 21 rural pilot villages in Xi’an,Shaanxi Province,this paper analyzed the difference between poor and non-poor villages’ practice in the process of asset assessment,membership definition,equity management and formation of new economic organizations in order to explore the reform path to adapt to the development of rural collective economy.Results show that the surveyed villages do have same path to the reform of the rural collective property right system.However,due to participating in the village-enterprise cooperation plan,non-poor villages present characteristics like "active docking" and "enterprise plan";while the poor villages present the characteristics of "government guidance and steady development".The success of the reform cannot only require the promotion of the government,but also needs the external advantages of enterprise capital and technology injection,as well as the internal advantages of agricultural resources.Therefore,this paper suggests:to build a public platform,to revitalize its own agricultural resources,to innovate and develop the collective economy,to combine social capital and technology,and to optimize the management structure of new economic organizations.