西藏民主改革时期土地改革研究

Research on Land Reform in the Democratic Reform Period of Tibet

西藏土地改革虽然以平叛为契机及时展开,但是仍然依据内地土地改革经验,在分配土地前,先是以减租斗争为土改的基础和铺垫.贯彻革命的阶级路线成为西藏土地改革贯穿始终的一条政治红线.根据宗教团体参与叛乱与否,分别采取没收和赎买的政策,摧毁寺庙经济的封建剥削基础,旨在尽可能抑制其政治影响力.西藏土地改革对牧业区暂不土改,但是仍然开展了以“牧工、牧主两利”为内容的经济斗争.西藏土地改革后,并未立刻走上合作化道路,而是选择确定个体农民的土地所有权,以互助组方式发展农牧业生产,充分体现了土地改革的科学性.

Although Tibet’s land reform was carried out in time tooking counter-insurgency as an opportunity,which was still based on the experience of land reform in the mainland.The struggle for rent reduction was the basis and foreshadowing of land reform before land allocation.The revolutionary class line has become a political red line throughout Tibet’s land reform.According to whether religious groups participate in the rebellion or not,the policies of confiscation and redemption were adopted respectively to destroy the feudal exploitation foundation of temple economy in order to curb their political influence as much as possible.Tibet’s land reform has not carried out land reform in the pastoral areas for the time being,but it has carried out an economic struggle with the content of"benefiting both herdsmen and herd owners".After the land reform in Tibet,it did not immediately embark on the road of collectivization,instead,it chose to determine the land ownership of individual farmers and develop agricultural and animal husbandry production in the form of mutual aid groups,which fully reflected the scientific nature of land reform.