秦汉简牍中的楚系笔法现象及其发展

Phenomenon and Development of Chu-style handwriting on slip archives during Qin and Han Dynasty

秦于前226开始灭楚战争,到前223年灭亡楚国,而里耶秦牍最早纪年是前222年,(秦王政25),可见秦文字入侵楚国的效率之高。楚国和楚文字虽被灭亡,但楚人未绝,楚笔法亦在,具有"快写" "便捷"属性的楚系笔法,顽强的寄生在了秦简墨迹中,并随之进入汉代。楚系"顺锋笔法"对于汉字字体的演变和发展起到了关键性的作用,楷书和行草书字体的形成都与楚系笔法有着密切的关系。

Qin-style ink script at the Pre-Qin period, can be distinguished as two series.In terms of first stroking method, Qin-series writing basically starts with inverse tip while Chu-series writing uses direct tip.On handwriting trending, Qin-series writing shows priority to straight lines and square pointed on turning while Chu-series writing presents more curved lines and turned with potential round.At the end of a stroke, Qin-series writing usually finishes with abrupt stop as relatively blunt shape while Chuseries writing leaves pointy stylus when it takes off as ending.State Qin began the war to defeat/annihilate Chu from BC226 to BC223. However earliest Liye Qin slip archives were recorded at BC222—when King of Qin dynasty Zheng was 25 year old. It is convinced that Qin characters visibly have high efficiency on invading Chu.Although State Chu and Chu characters were destroyed, Chu people and Chu handwriting still existed. Graved with attributes of fast writing and convenience, Chu handwriting had been tenaciously parasitic on the Qin ink script which had entered the Han Dynasty thereupon. Chu brushwork not only played an essential role in the evolution and development of Chinese characters, but also had close relationship with the formation of the regular script and cursive font.