基于ANSYS的Q235与1Cr18Ni9Ti异种钢焊接工艺参数优化

Optimization of Welding Process Parameters of Q235 and 1Cr18Ni9Ti Dissimilar Steel Based on ANSYS

针对矿用电机主轴盘钢材Q235与1Cr18Ni9Ti异种钢焊接件在工作过程中容易出现裂纹问题,本文通过借助有限元模拟方法对焊接过程中的温度变形情况进行分析,实现对焊接变形的有效控制。利用UG建立Q235与1Cr18Ni9Ti异种钢的焊接简易模型,结合正交设计优化方法对焊接工艺进行设计,同时建立不同工艺参数下的焊接APDL命令流。通过转变模型格式在ANSYS中进行不同焊接工艺过程的数值模拟。利用Design-Expert中心优化方法验证了最优焊接工艺组合并得到了焊接变形的回归函数。通过分析可得焊接速度2 mm/s,焊接能量强度2.02 kW/mm^2,环境温度为25℃时,焊接效果最佳。结合试验研究验证了正交试验结果的准确性,并提出在焊缝背宽比约为0.65时为评判焊缝质量好坏的指标,可为主轴焊接工艺提供实践指导。

In view of the problem of cracks in the welding process of dissimilar steel Q235 and 1 Cr18 Ni9 Ti for mine motor spindle disc,this paper analyses the temperature deformation in the welding process by means of finite element simulation method,and achieves the effective control of welding deformation.A simple welding model of Q235 and 1 Cr18 Ni9 Ti dissimilar steel was established by UG,and the welding process was designed by orthogonal design optimization method.At the same time,the welding APDL command flow under different process parameters was established.The numerical simulation of different welding processes was carried out in ANSYS by changing the model format.Design-Expert center optimization method was used to verify the optimal welding process combination and obtain the regression function of welding deformation.Through analysis,the best welding effect can be obtained when the welding speed is 2 mm/s,the welding energy intensity is 2.02 kW/mm^2 and the ambient temperature is 25℃.The accuracy of the orthogonal test results is verified by the experimental study.It is proposed that the back-width ratio of the weld is about 0.65 as an index to judge the quality of the weld.It can provide practical reference for the spindle welding process.