黄河河口河段水位波动的特征研究

Study on water level fluctuation at the Yellow River estuarine reach

西河口12 m水位改道标准是当前黄河河口综合治理进程中一项至关重要的控制指标,在实际研究过程当中,用相关规划当中给定的参考值,并不能实时反映变化条件下的中常洪水的相应改道水位,与此同时,水位波动特性的存在也为改道标准的准确评估带来不确定因素。基于1954-2014年的利津站流量及西河口水位资料,统计提出了西河口水位的量级波幅和时均波幅,研究表明:量级波幅与汛期流量过程具有明显的负相关关系,整体呈现出由小到大的变化趋势。大于1 m的时均波幅通常伴随着历史特大流量过程以及黄河河口流路的改道。因此需利用不同驱动因素影响下的量级波幅、时均波幅来推求黄河河口河段的中常洪水改道控制水位。

Water level to 12 m at the Xihekou station is an important index for Yellow River estuary.The conceptions of magnitude amplitude and time-average amplitude were proposed.Based on the data of water level in Xihekou hydrological station in 1954-2014,the magnitude amplitude and time-averaged amplitude were analyzed.Results show that the general trend of magnitude amplitude was increasing.There was a negative relationship between magnitude amplitude and average discharge in the flood season.The water level time-averaged amplitude above 1 m usually appeared with historical largest discharge process or river reroute at the Yellow River estuarine reach.Therefore,magnitude amplitude and time-averaged amplitude in varying driving factors should be used to study on controlling water level of medium flood at the Yellow River Estuarine Reach.