脑卒中患者便秘因素分析及预见性护理恢复排便功能的效果评价

An analysis of the factors causing constipation in patients with cerebral apoplexy and an evaluation of the effect of predictive nursing on the recovery of defecation function

目的探讨脑卒中患者便秘发生的常见因素及采取预见性护理措施对恢复排便功能的效果。方法选择2016年1月~2019年1月在我院脑病科住院的55例有便秘症状的脑卒中患者,随机分为实验组30例与对照组25例,对照组给予常规护理指导,实验组给予预见性护理+常规护理干预,比较两组患者便秘的治疗效果。结果治疗后实验组患者便秘临床症状积分改善均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者缓解便秘的总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组的满意度评分及护理满意率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论情绪紧张、生活规律习性的改变、陌生环境及排便姿势变化、不合理饮食等是导致脑卒中患者便秘的主要因素,采取预见性护理措施,给予及时的心理护理、营造舒适的排便环境及私隐氛围、合理的饮食、适当的功能锻炼、通过腹部按摩及穴位贴敷,有效的改善脑卒中患者排便功能,提高便秘治疗的有效率。通过因素分析和预见性护理实施,对解除脑卒中患者便秘,提高护理满意度,有着重要的积极意义。

Objective To explore the frequent factors causing constipation in patients with cerebral apoplexy and the effect of the adoption of predictive nursing measures on the recovery of defecation function.Methods 55 patients with cerebral apoplexy having constipation symptoms hospitalized in Department of Encephalopathy of our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 were observed,they were randomly divided into the experimental group(n=30)and the control group(n=25).The control group was given conventional nursing guidance,while the experimental group was given the intervention of predictive nursing plus conventional nursing.The curative effect on constipation was compared between the two groups of patients.Results After treatment,the improvement of clinical symptom scores of constipation of each patient in the experimental group was better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of relieving constipation among the patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction scores and the rate of satisfaction with the nursing service of the experimental group were both higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The main factors causing constipation in patients with cerebral apoplexy include emotional stress,changes in living rules and habits,strange environment,changes of defecation posture,and unreasonable diet,etc.The adoption of predictive nursing measures such as timely psychological care and the creation of comfortable defecation environment and privacy atmosphere,reasonable diet,appropriate functional exercises,abdominal massage and acupoint application can ameliorate the defecation function of the patients with cerebral apoplexy effectively,and they have improved the effective rate of the treatment of constipation.The analysis of the factors and the implementation of predictive nursing are of great positive significance for relieving constipation of the patients with cerebral apoplexy and improving the satisfaction with nursing service.