金标免疫层析试验与酶联免疫吸附试验在肺炎支原体检测中的作用分析

An analysis of the roles of gold immuno-chromatographic assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in mycoplasma pneumoniae detection

目的探讨金标免疫层析试验与酶联免疫吸附试验在肺炎支原体检测中的作用。方法选取2018年6~9月诊治的疑似肺炎支原体感染患者91例作为研究对象,应用金标免疫层析试验、酶联免疫吸附试验方法检测本组患者的肺炎支原体IgM抗体,比较两种检验方法的诊断准确度、特异度和敏感度差异。结果金标免疫层析试验的诊断准确度为92.31%(84/91),敏感度为94.94%(75/79),特异度为75.00%(9/12);酶联免疫吸附试验的诊断准确度为94.51%(86/91),敏感度为98.73%(78/79),特异度为66.67%(8/12);酶联免疫吸附试验的诊断准确度、敏感度均高于金标免疫层析试验,而诊断特异度低于金标免疫层析试验,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论酶联免疫吸附试验在肺炎支原体检测中敏感性较高,但操作繁琐、耗时久,不适宜单人份检测,而金标免疫层析试验具有操作简单、快速等优势,适用于肺炎支原体感染诊断中,值得借鉴。

Objective To investigate the roles of gold immuno-chromatographic assay(GICA)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)detection.Methods 91 patients were selected from all the patients suspected with MP infection diagnosed and treated in the hospital from June to September 2018 as the subjects of research.The methods of GICA and ELISA were used to detect MP-IgM antibodies in this group of patients.The diagnostic accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of the two methods were compared for differences.Results The diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of GICA were respectively 92.31(84/91),94.94%(75/79)and 75.00%(9/12).The diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were respectively 94.51(86/91),98.73%(78/79)and 66.67%(8/12).The diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of ELISA were higher than those of GICA,while the diagnostic specificity was lower than that of GICA,but the differences got from the comparisons were statistically insignificant(P>0.05).Conclusion ELISA is highly sensitive in MP detection,but with complicated and timeconsuming operation,it is not suitable for single person detection.By contrast,GICA has the advantages of simplicity and rapidity in operation,and is worthy of reference in the diagnosis of MP infection.