北京市昌平区外来务工人员麻疹疫苗接种率及影响因素研究

Measles vaccination rate and influencing factors in migrant workers in Changping district,Beijing

目的了解北京市昌平区外来务工人员麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)接种率及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,于2015年4月在北京市昌平区20个镇(街道)选择16~40岁外来务工人员开展MV接种问卷调查,调查内容包括基本情况、健康知识、MV接种情况等。采用χ^2检验和logistic回归模型分别对接种率的影响因素进行单因素、多因素分析。结果调查对象MV总接种率为17.63%(241/1367)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,调查对象MV接种率呈16~20岁年龄组高于其他年龄组(OR=1.852,95%CI:1.111~3.088)、已婚人员高于其他人员(OR=1.369,95%CI:1.005~1.866)、健康素养合格者高于不合格者(OR=1.693,95%CI:1.246~2.301)、不知晓接种政策者低于知晓者(OR=0.451,95%CI:0.337~0.602)。结论昌平区16~40岁外来务工人员MV接种率低;年龄、婚姻、健康素养和是否知晓接种政策是影响外来务工人员MV接种的主要因素,需加强麻疹预防知识和MV接种政策的宣传以提高该人群MV接种率。

Objective To understand the vaccination rate of measles attenuated live vaccine(MV)and the influencing factors in migrant workers in Changping district of Beijing.Methods A questionnaire survey of MV vaccination was conducted in migrant workers aged 16-40 years selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling in 20 townships(streets)of Changping district of Beijing in April 2015.The survey contents included basic information,health knowledge awareness and MV vaccination status of the migrant workers.The factors influencing the vaccination rate were analyzed byχ^2 test and logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The overall vaccination rate of MV was17.63%(241/1367).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the MV vaccination rate was higher in age group16-20 years than in other age groups(OR=1.852,95%CI:1.111-3.088),higher in married people than in other people(OR=1.369,95%CI:1.005-1.866),higher in those with qualified health literacy(OR=1.693,95%CI:1.246-2.301),but lower in those without awareness of vaccination policy(OR=0.451,95%CI:0.337-0.602).Conclusion The MV vaccination rate was low in migrant workers age 16-40 years in Changping.Age,marriage,health literacy and awareness of MV vaccination policy were the influencing factors of MV vaccination coverage in migrant workers in Changping.It is necessary to strengthen the health education about measles prevention and control knowledge of measles prevention as well as MV vaccination policy in migrant workers to improve the MV vaccination coverage in this population.