2014—2018年兰州市居民死因监测数据分析

Analysis on Death Cause Monitoring Data of Residents in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018

目的分析2014—2018年甘肃省兰州市居民死因构成和减寿状况,为疾病预防控制措施的制定提供参考依据。方法利用居民人口资料和死因监测数据进行分析,疾病分类按照国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)编码进行,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)和死亡潜在减寿率(PYLLR)等指标。结果 2014—2018年兰州市居民男性、女性及合计年均粗死亡率分别为464.18/10万、337.32/10万和402.39/10万;男性、女性及合计标化死亡率分别为473.59/10万、345.18/10万和411.00/10万,男性标化死亡率显著高于女性(χ^2=20.37,P <0.01);2014—2018年兰州市居民死因顺位前6位由高到低依次为循环系统疾病(170.44/10万),恶性肿瘤(90.07/10万),呼吸系统疾病(53.10/10万),伤害(24.61/10万),内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病(16.48/10万)及消化系统疾病(11.37/10万),前6位死因占总死因的90.97%(67 435/74 128);前6位死因PYLL为391 680人年,AYLL为5.81人年,PYLLR为22.97‰(391 680/17 048 544),其中伤害对寿命损失最大。结论循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和伤害是威胁兰州市居民的主要死因和减寿原因,应有针对性地加强慢性病管理以及危险因素干预,减少疾病负担,提高居民期望寿命。

Objectives To understand the epidemiological characteristics of deaths in residents in Lanzou,Gansu Province,and to provide references for the formulation of disease prevention and control measures.Methods The authers performed analysis using resident population data and death cause monitoring data,classified diseases according to the International Classification of Diseases 10 th Revision(ICD-10)Code,and calculated mortality,standardized mortality rate,potential life reduction years(PYLL),average life reduction years(AYLL)and potential years of life lost rate(PYLLR),etc.Results The average annual crude mortality rates of male,female residents and total mortality in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018 were 464.18/100000,337.32/100000 and402.39/100000,respectively.The average annual standardized mortality rates of male,female residents and total mortality in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018 were 473.59/100000,345.18/100000 and 411.00/100000,respectively.Male mortality rate was higher than that of female(χ^2=20.37,P<0.01).The top 6 causes of death in Lanzhou from 2014 to 2018 were circulation system diseases(170.44/100000),malignant tumors(90.07/100000),diseases of respiratory system(53.10/100000),injuries(24.61/100000),endocrine,nutritional and metabolic diseases(16.48/100000)and digestive system diseases(11.37/100000).The top 6 causes of death accounted for90.97%(67435/74128)of the total cause of death.For the top 6 death causes,PYLL was 391680 person years,the average AYLL was 5.81 person years,and the rate of PYLLR was 22.97‰(391680/17048544).Injuries caused the greatest losses of life.Conclusions Circulation system diseases,malignant tumors,diseases of respiratory system and injuries are the main causes of death for residents in Lanzhou,so it is necessary to strengthen the management of chronic diseases and the intervention of risk factors to reduce the burden of diseases and improve life expectancy of residents.