福建省旅店业从业人员健康状况自报率及影响因素分析

Self-report Rate and Related Influencing Factors of Employees’ Health in Hotels in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省旅店业从业人员健康症状自报率,探讨影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法对72家宾馆(酒店)从业人员636人的基本信息、工作场所环境因素、自我感觉或症状进行调查,比较从业人员人口统计学特征对自报率的影响,采用logistic回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果本次调查从业人员中女性占70.4%(448/636),年龄(30~59)岁人员占68.9%(438/636),文化程度初、高中占71.9%(457/636),工龄(1~10)年占72.2%(459/636)。呼吸系统症状、眼睛症状、皮肤症状及其他感觉或症状的自报率分别为47.3%(301/636)、17.8%(113/636)、12.4%(79/636)和22.0%(140/636);有刺激性气味对眼部症状影响最大,OR(95%CI)为6.53(2.51,16.97);空气干燥对呼吸系统症状的影响最大,OR(95%CI)为3.61(1.95,6.68);使用洗手液或肥皂是呼吸系统症状发生的保护因素,OR (95%CI)为0.27(0.10,0.73)。结论加强旅店业卫生管理,提升从业人员个人卫生意识,保护从业人员健康。

Objectives To explore the self-report rate of health status of employees in hotels in Fujian Province and discuss related influencing factors.Methods Basic information,workplace environmental factors,selfperceptions or symptoms of 636 employees in 72 hotels were surveyed using a cross-sectional survey method to compare the influence of demographic characteristics of employees on self-report rate.Logistic regression analysis was adopted to discuss its influencing factors.Results In this survey,women accounted for 70.4%(448/636)of the surveyed employees,employees aged 30-59 accounted for 68.9%(438/636),employees with junior and senior high school degree accounted for 71.9%(457/636),and employees with working age of 1-10 years accounted for72.2%(459/636).The self-report rate of respiratory system,eyes,skin and other feelings or symptoms were 47.3%(301/636),17.8%(113/636),12.4%(79/636)and 22.0%(140/636),respectively.The pungent odor affected ophthalmologic symptoms the most with OR(95%CI)of 6.53(2.51,16.97),and the dry air affected the respiratory system symptoms the most with OR(95%CI)of 3.61(1.95,6.68).The use of liquid soap or soap was a prtective factor for respiratory system symptoms with OR(95%CI)of 0.27(0.10,0.73).Conclusions It was suggested to strengthen the sanitation management of hotels,improve personal hygiene awareness of employees,and protect the health of employees.