2011~2019年威海市麻疹监测资料分析

Analysis on surveillance data of measles,Weihai city,2011-2019

目的了解威海市麻疹的流行病学特征,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法对麻疹监测系统或平台的2011~2019年麻/风疹监测数据进行统计分析。结果2011~2019年威海地区麻疹确诊病例232例,报告麻疹发病率最低年份2012年为0.00/10万,最高年份2015年为3.30/10万;发病率次高年份2014年为2.04/10万、2016年1.39/10万;其余6年处于较低的流行状态。除2014、2015年有局部暴发外,其他年份麻疹发病以散发模式为主。发病高峰处于2~4月,占总发病数的74.68%(174例)。发病以21岁以上人群为主,占81.89%(190例)(P<0.01)。21岁以上人群获得性免疫力下降是影响威海市麻疹疫情的主要原因。结论重点做好适龄儿童和成人麻疹的常规免疫和强化免疫,从而降低麻疹发病率。

Objective To understand the epidemiological charateristics of measles in Weihai city,so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods Data of measles cases collected from the Measles Surveillance System during 2011-2019 were analyzed.Results A total of 232 confirmed measles cases were found in Weihai city during 2011-2019.The incidenceof measles was the lowest of 0.00/10~5 in 2012,and the highest of 3.30/10~5 in 2015,followed by 2.04/10~5 in 2014 and 1.39/10~5 in 2016;the remaining6 years were in a low prevalence state.Except for outbreaks in 2014 and 2015,sporadic patterns dominated the incidence of measles in other years.The peak month was February-April,accounting for 74.68%(174 cases).Cases concentrated in people aged 21 year-old and above,accounting for 81.89%(190 cases)(P<0.01).The main cause ofepidemic situation on measles in Weihai city was the reduction of acquired immunity of people over 21 years of age.Conclusion It is necessary to focus on regular and supplementary immunization for measles and rubella among children and adults to reduce the incidence of measles.