四川省40岁及以上吸烟人群对慢性呼吸道疾病认知情况分析

Cognition Towards Chronic Respiratory Diseases among Smokers Aged 40 and Above In Sichuan Province

目的分析四川省40岁及以上吸烟人群对慢性呼吸道疾病的认知情况,为制定控烟策略和健康宣教提供参考。方法 2015-01-30/07-23结合慢阻肺调查工作,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,在6个区县,每个区县抽取600名40岁以上人员开展问卷调查,并对其中的吸烟者数据进行分析,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行Pearson χ^2检验、趋势χ^2检验及多因素Logistic回归分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果共纳入吸烟者调查对象1 095人,其中男性占97.0%,60~69岁组占比最高(403人,36.8%),男性、女性对慢支炎、肺气肿、哮喘3种慢性呼吸道疾病的知晓率(70.0%~85.0%)高于对慢阻肺的知晓率(13.7%,15.2%);4种疾病知晓率,高文化人群均较高,曾有戒烟意愿人群的知晓率高于无戒烟意愿人群。多因素分析显示文化程度越高慢支炎、肺气肿、哮喘知晓率越高;而分性别、分年龄,3种疾病的知晓率并无显著性差异。慢阻肺多因素分析显示,各组知晓率均无显著差异。结论四川省40岁及以上吸烟人群对慢阻肺知晓率偏低,应当加强对其烟草危害的宣传教育,提高群众对吸烟危害的认知水平,其中,尤其要重点加强对文化程度较低人群、无戒烟意愿人群的宣传教育工作。

Objective To analyze the cognition towards chronic respiratory diseases of smokers aged40 and above in Sichuan Province in order to provide references for developing tobacco control strategy and health education. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select the participants combined with the investigation of COPD. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 600 people over 40 years in each of six districts and counties. The data of smokers were analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Chi-square tests and multivariate Logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis,and the significant level was set at α=0.05. Results A total of 1 095 smokers were included. Males accounted for97.0% of the total sample. Smokers aged from 60 to 69 had the highest proportion(403, 36.8%).The awareness rates towards chronic bronchitis,emphysema and asthma(70%~85%) were higher than that of COPD(13.7%,15.2%) in men and women smokers. Smokers with high education level had high awareness rate towards four types of chronic respiratory diseases. The awareness rate towards four types of chronic respiratory diseases of those who had the intention to quit smoking was higher than that of those who did not.Multivariate Multi-factorlogistic regression analysis showed that the higher the education level related to,the higher the awareness rate of towards chronic bronchitis,emphysema and asthma. However,there was no significant difference in the awareness rate of the those three types of chronic respiratory diseases by among smokers in different sexesgender and age groups.The multi-factor analysis of copd showed that Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that tthere was no significant difference in the awareness rate towards COPD amongof each groupdifferent groups.Conclusion The awareness rate of COPD is low among smokers aged 40 and above in Sichuan Province. Publicity and education on the harm of tobacco should be strengthened to improve the awareness of people towards the dangers of smoking. Education level is a factor affecting the cognitive status of chronic bronchitis emphysema asthma. The lower the education level, the lower the awareness rate.Raise public awareness of the dangers of smoking Especially,the emphasis should be placed on strengthening the publicity and education work for the people with low educational level or without the intention to quit smoking.