退而不休:我国低龄老年人力资源特征及其开发利用的政策应对

Stay Engaged after Retirement:Characteristics of the Young-old and Policy Responses to Utilize These Human Resources

低龄老年群体具有体量大、健康状况良好、受教育程度较高、社会经济参与意识较强等特征,是我国不可或缺的重要人力资源。然而多项调查数据表明,我国低龄老年人口的劳动参与率及社会参与率与发达国家相比仍有较大差距,人力资源开发潜力巨大。现阶段,我国低龄老年人力资源开发面临诸多传统观念和体制机制的障碍,亟待突破传统认知和做出政策创新。基于此,在新一轮科技和产业革命方兴未艾、世界经济处于长周期相对低迷期、人口结构日趋老化等宏观背景下,我国宜大力推动全社会形成低龄老年人再就业的广泛共识,逐步推行弹性退休制度,完善老年人力资源开发体系,并切实推进老年教育,帮助低龄老年群体获得适应新时代岗位的能力和素质。

The young-old group has the following characteristics:large in size,enjoy good health,boast a high level of education and a strong willingness of social and economic participation.They are indispensable human resources in China.However,a number of survey data indicate that there is still a large gap between the labor participation and social participation rates of the elderly in China and that of the developed countries,and the potential for human resources development is huge.Currently,human resources development for the young-old in China faces many institutional obstacles and barriers resulted from traditional concepts,and therefore it is urgent to break through traditional concepts and make policy innovations.In this regard,against the macro background of the new round of scientific and industrial revolution,the long period of economic downturn and the aging population,China need to vigorously promote the whole society to form a broad consensus on the re-employment of the young-old and gradually put flexible retirement in place.We should also improve the human resource development system for older workers,promote education for older people and help the young-old acquire qualities to better adapt to the new era.