细胞块免疫化学染色在胸腹腔积液病理学诊断中的应用

The Application of Cell Block Immunochemical Staining in the Pathological Diagnosis of Pleural and Peritoneal Effusion

目的探讨细胞块免疫化学染色在胸腹腔积液病理学诊断中的准确性.方法收集常熟市中医院病理科具有疑似或高度疑似恶性胸腹腔积液的患者共81例,采用三种不同方法:常规细胞涂片HE染色,细胞块HE染色和细胞块免疫化学染色分别进行观察,比较其对临床诊断定性的可靠性.结果采用细胞块切片方法阳性诊断率高于常规细胞涂片;细胞块切片免疫化学染色阳性诊断率高于前两组,且不确定性明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).综合诊断的阳性率要明显高于常规细胞染色和细胞块HE染色,不确定率远低于后两种方法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).细胞块免疫化学染色与综合诊断比较,诊断结果非常接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论运用细胞块免疫化学染色在提高胸腹腔积液细胞病理学诊断的准确性中值得推广应用.

Objective To investigate the accuracy of cell block immunochemical staining in the pathological diagnosis of pleural and peritoneal effusion.Methods 81 patients with suspected or highly suspected malignant pleural or peritoneal effusion were collected from the pathology department of Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Three different methods were used to observe and compare their reliability in clinical diagnosis,including routine cell smear HE staining,cell block HE staining and cell block immunochemical staining.Results The positive diagnosis rate of cell block section was higher than that of conventional cell smear,and the positive diagnosis rate of immunochemical staining of cell block section was higher than that of the former two groups,and the uncertainty was significantly reduced,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of comprehensive diagnosis was significantly higher than that of routine cell staining and cell block HE staining,and the uncertainty rate was much lower than that of the latter two methods(P<0.05).Compared with the comprehensive diagnosis,the result of immunocytochemical staining was very close,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The application of cell block immunochemical staining in the diagnosis of pleural and peritoneal effusion is worth popularizing.