新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间医务人员负性情绪与社会支持调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Negative Emotions and Social Support of Medical Staff During the Outbreak of COVID-19

目的评估新型冠状病毒感染流行期间一线科室与普通科室医务人员负性情绪及社会支持的特点,以寻求科学有效的干预方式。方法选择2020年2月3~4日我院一线科室与普通科室医护人员作为研究对象,使用新型冠状病毒感染负性情绪问卷和领悟社会支持度问卷(PSSS)对其展开调查,了解其对疫情相关负面情绪特点和社会支持情况。结果共调查226名医务人员,一线科室与普通医护人员在岗位、年龄、婚姻状况、学历、职称、工作年限方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);新型冠状病毒感染肺炎流行期间,调查对象抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫-焦虑、疑病5个维度的得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中恐惧因子得分最高,疑病因子最低;一线科室医护人员在抑郁、恐惧维度和负性情绪总分高于普通科室,,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);一线科室与普通科室医护人员的家庭、朋友、其他及社会支持度总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);负性情绪与社会支持度呈负相关(r=-0.241,P<0.05),负性情绪、社会支持内部各维度间两两呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论新型冠状病毒感染肺炎流行期间,医务人员社会支持度良好,但负性情绪特别是恐惧情绪较高,有必要为临床医务人员提供科学有效的心理指导和强有力的社会支持。

Objective To evaluate the negative emotions and social support characteristics of medical staff in first-line and general departments during the epidemic of COVID-19 infection,so as to seek scientific and effective intervention methods.Methods Medical staff from the front-line departments and general departments of our hospital were selected as research objects from February 3 to 4,2020.They were investigated using the new coronavirus infection negative emotion questionnaire and the comprehension social support questionnaire(PSSS)to understand their epidemic situation.Related negative emotional characteristics and social support.Results A total of 226 medical staff were surveyed.There was no statistically significant difference between the first-line departments and ordinary medical staff in terms of position,age,marital status,education,title,and working years(P>0.05);during the epidemic of COVID-19,survey the scores of the five dimensions of subject's depression,neurasthenia,fear,obsessive-anxiety,and suspected disease were compared,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among them,the fear factor score was the highest,and the suspected factor was the lowest;The total score of the dimension of fear and negative emotions is higher than that of general departments,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the total scores of family,friends,other and social support of medical staff in first-line departments and general departments were not statistically significant(P>0.05);negative emotions are negatively correlated with social support(r=-0.241,P<0.05),and negative emotions and social support were positively correlated with each other(P<0.05).Conclusion During the epidemic of COVID-19,medical staff have good social support,but negative emotions,especially fear,are high.It is necessary to provide scientific and effective psychological guidance and strong social support for clinical medical staff.