景德镇陶瓷的特点和装饰形式研究

On the Characteristics and Decorative Forms of Jingdezhen Ceramics

千年瓷都景德镇,曾与广东佛山、湖北汉口、河南朱仙并称中国四大名镇。东汉时期就建有窑坊烧制陶瓷,唐代,由于瓷土质量上乘,在吸收南方青瓷和北方白瓷优点的基础上创制出一种青白瓷。青白瓷晶莹滋润,有"假玉器"的美称,大量出口欧洲。景德镇瓷器以白瓷最为闻名,素有"白如玉,明如镜,薄如纸,声如罄"之称,品种齐全,瓷质优良,造型轻巧,装饰多样。装饰种类有青花、釉里红、古彩、粉彩、斗彩、新彩、釉下五彩、青花玲珑、颜色釉等,有手绘、贴花、釉下彩、釉中彩、釉上彩等装饰形式,产品驰名中外。

Jingdezhen,a thousand-year-old porcelain capital,was once regarded as the four famous towns in the country alongside Foshan(Guangdong),Hankou(Hubei),and Zhuxian(Henan).In the Eastern Han Dynasty,Jingdezhen had kilns for firing ceramics;later in the Tang Dynasty,thanks to the superior quality of porcelain clay,a kind of blue-patterned white porcelain was created based on advantages of southern celadon pigments and northern white porcelain.The blue-patterned white porcelains were crystal and moist,enjoying the reputation of"alternative jade"and were exported to Europe in large quantities.Jingdezhen was known for its white porcelain,boasting the reputation for being"white as jade,bright as mirror,thin as paper and producing beautiful sound as musical stones".Jingdezhen boasts various quality porcelain with diverse decoration that are light and exquisite.In terms of color,there are blue and white,underglaze red,antique colors,pastel,clashing colors,new colors,underglaze multicolored,underglaze blue with rice pattern,color glaze,etc.In terms of decoration,there are hand-painted,decals,underglaze,midglaze,overglaze and other forms.As such,products here are well-known in China and the rest of the world.