长链非编码RNA在非小细胞肺癌诊断中的研究进展

Diagnostic value of long non-coding RNA for non-small cell lung cancer

近年来肺癌已成为人类发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,在男性中其发病率居所有恶性肿瘤的首位,其发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,在我国肺癌新增病例中女性比例正在大幅度上升。随着分子生物学以及基因诊断技术的不断发展和完善,目前,长链非编码核糖核酸(longnon-coding RNA,lncRNA)在多种肿瘤中发挥关键作用,可通过转录水平修饰、转录后修饰、表观遗传学改变机制调控基因表达并参与细胞的生理过程。研究发现,lncRNAs对非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的发生进展起到了重要的调控作用,并与患者预后评估及对化疗和靶向药物的抗药性有密切的关系。本综述旨在探索相关lncRNA作为NSCLC生物标记物的应用前景,从而为NSCLC的早期诊断、诊断治疗、潜在治疗靶点及预后评估等在临床应用方面提供理论依据。

In recent years,lung cancer has become the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in human beings.Among males,the incidence of lung cancer ranks the first among all malignant tumors,and its morbidity and mortality are on the rise year by year.Among the new cases of lung cancer in China,the proportion of females is increasing significantly.With the continuous development and improvement of molecular biology and gene diagnosis techniques,long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)currently plays a key role in a variety of tumors,regulating gene expression and participating in the physiological processes of cells through transcriptional level modification,post-transcriptional modification and epigenetic modification mechanisms.Studies have found that lncRNAs play an important regulatory role in the development and progression of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and are closely related to the prognosis assessment of patients and their resistance to chemotherapy and targeted drugs.The purpose of this review is to explore the application prospect of lncRNA as a biomarker of NSCLC,so as to provide theoretical basis for the clinical application of early diagnosis,diagnostic treatment,potential therapeutic targets and prognosis assessment of NSCLC.