黄曲霉毒素污染日粮对雏鸭生长性能、养分消化及血清激素水平的影响

Effects of aflatoxin-contaminated diet on growth performance,nutrient digestion and serum hormone levels in ducklings

文章旨在探讨日粮添加黄曲霉毒素B1污染的玉米对1~14 d雏鸭生长性能、回肠养分表观消化率及血清激素水平的影响。试验共选择性别和体重一致的1日龄雏鸭600只,随机分为两组,每组6个重复,每个重复50只。两组肉鸭分别饲喂以正常玉米为基础的基础日粮(黄曲霉毒素B1水平为2.87μg/kg)和100%黄曲霉毒素B1污染玉米替代正常玉米的日粮(黄曲霉毒素B1水平为124.42μg/kg)。结果:黄曲霉B1毒素污染日粮较正常玉米日粮组7 d体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量分别显著降低22%、31%和23%(P<0.05),料重比提高11%。在8~14 d时,黄曲霉毒素B1污染日粮组较正常玉米组平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比分别显著降低41%、47%和10%(P<0.05)。在整个试验中,黄曲霉毒素B1污染日粮组较正常玉米日粮组体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比分别显著降低34%、39%、43%和9%(P<0.05)。黄曲霉毒素B1污染日粮组干物质、氮和氨基酸回肠表观消化率较正常玉米日粮组显著提高(P<0.05),但正常玉米日粮组表观消化能显著高于黄曲霉毒素B1污染日粮组(P<0.05)。黄曲霉毒素B1污染日粮可使血清瘦素和胰岛素样因子-1水平升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲喂黄曲霉毒素B1天然污染的玉米日粮降低了1~14 d雏鸭生长性能,提高了回肠养分表观消化率,并影响了血清瘦素和胰岛素样因子-1水平。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary aflatoxin B1 on growth performance,apparent digestibility of ileum nutrients and serum hormone levels of ducks on 1~14 d.According to gender and body weight,a total of 6001-d ducklings were selected and randomly divided into two groups,each with 6 replicates and 50 ducklings.The two groups were fed a normal corn-based basal diet(aflatoxin B1 level was 2.87 g/kg)and 100%aflatoxin B1 contaminated corn instead of normal corn diets(aflatoxin B1 level was 124.42 g/kg).Results:compared with the normal corn diet group,aflatoxin B1 toxin contaminated diet reduced body weight,average daily gain and average daily feed intake by 22%,31%and 23%respectively(P<0.05)on day 7,and the feed-weight ratio increased by 11%.At the time of 8~14 days,the average daily intake,average daily weight gain and feed-weight ratio of the aflatoxin B1 contaminated diet group were 41%,47%and 10%lower than that of the normal corn group(P<0.05).In the whole experiment,the aflatoxin B1 contaminated diet group was 34%lower than the normal corn diet group in terms of body weight,average daily weight gain,average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of the ileum of dry matter,nitrogen and amino acids in the aflashin B1 contaminated diet group was significantly higher than that in the normal corn diet group(P<0.05),but the apparent digestibility of the normal corn diet group was significantly higher than that in the aflashin-B1 contaminated diet group(P<0.05).Aflatoxin B1 can increase serum leptin and insulin-like factor-1 levels by contaminate diet(P<0.05).In summary,feeding the corn diet naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1 reduced the growth performance of ducks on 1~14 days,improved the apparent digestibility of ileum nutrients,and affected the levels of serum leptin and insulin-like factor-1.