氯吡格雷致皮肤不良反应文献分析

Literature Review of Adverse Skin Reactions Induced by Clopidogrel

目的探讨和分析氯吡格雷致皮肤不良反应的发生规律及特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法通过检索国内外期刊文献,包括Cochrane、PubMed、Web of science、Springer link、Embase、Scopus、中国知网、万方期刊论文数据库、维普期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库等,对氯吡格雷致皮肤不良反应的相关文献进行统计和分析。结果收集到氯吡格雷致皮肤不良反应病例15例,年龄60岁以上11例(73.3%);不良反应发生时间最短于用药后30 min,最长于用药后约310 d;临床表现为不同程度的皮肤瘙痒,其中1例伴有低热,1例伴有高热;患者停用氯吡格雷或服用其他治疗药物后不良反应均有所减轻直至消失。结论临床使用氯吡格雷时应加强对患者进行药学监护,警惕皮肤不良反应的发生,同时应慎重评估再次给药后的治疗风险。

Objective explore and analyze the regularities and characteristics of skin systemic adverse reactions induced by clopidogrel so as to provide reference for safe clinical drug use. Methods The Cochrane library, PubMed, Web of Science, Springer link, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP database, Chinese biomedical literature database(CBM) and other database at home and abroad were searched and related articles were retrieved. Those on skin reactions induced by clopidogrel were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 15 patients with skin systemic adverse reactions induced by clopidogrel were collected, including 11 patients aged over 60 years old(73.3%). The shortest time to onset occurred within 30 minutes after administration, the longest occurred 310 days after clopidogrel use. Adverse reactions were manifested as pruritus of different degrees, including one patient with low fever and another one with high fever. The adverse reactions were alleviated until they disappeared after patients stopped taking clopidogrel or started taking other therapeutic drugs. Conclusion Pharmaceutical care should be strengthened in clinical use of clopidogrel, the occurrence of adverse skin reactions should be guarded against, and the risk of re-administration should be cautiously assessed.