农村居民养老服务供需形成机理——基于结构方程模型分析

Formation Mechanism of Supply and Demand of Rural Residents’Elderly Care Services:An Analysis Based on Structural Equation Model

基于江西省11个设区市的660份农村居民调查数据,通过构建结构方程模型(SEM),研究农村居民养老服务供需形成机理,得出直接影响农村居民养老服务选择的供需因素,以获取实现养老服务供需均衡的重要因素。结果表明:农村居民的主体特征、养老服务机构的环境和服务质量均不同程度地对农村居民养老服务选择意愿直接产生显著的正向影响。另外,政府的行为和农村居民的社会网络也会通过直接影响其他供需方因素进而不同程度地间接影响农村居民对养老服务选择意愿。为此,提出深化养老服务理念,加大农村养老服务建设投入,引进专业化人才,提供全面且高质量的养老服务等政策建议。

Based on the survey data of 660 rural residents in 11 districts and cities in Jiangxi Province,a structural equation model(SEM)was constructed to study the formationmechanism of supply and demand for rural residents’elderly services and explore the supply and demand factors that directly affect rural residents’choice of nursing service so as to obtain the important factors for achieving the balance of supply and demand of nursing service.The results suggest that the subjective characteristics of rural residents,and the environment and service quality of the old-age service institutions all have a significant positive influence onrural residents’choice of old-age service to varying degrees.In addition,government behavior and rural residents’social network also directly affect other supply-demand factors and then indirectly affect rural residents’willingness to choose old-age services to different degrees.Finally,corresponding policy recommendations were proposed including deepening the concept of old-age services,increasing investment in the construction of rural old-age services,introducing specialized talents,and providing comprehensive and high-quality old-age services.