声明

护理学是一门不断发展的科学。由于新的研究成果的层出不穷,临床经验的不断积累,我们有必要了解治疗、护理及用药的新变化。本刊的作者和出版者根据他们可靠的科研成就提供了当今最新的护理学资料但由于人类存在着个体差异及医学的不断发展,人们对既往科研成果有新的认识并使之不断完善,本刊编者、出版者及任何参与本刊出版的团体在此郑重声明:本刊提供的所有资料都是经过严格的审稿程序,并符合出版标准,但在临床请在上级专业人员(主管医师,上级护师)指导下使用。

Nursing Science is an ever⁃changing science.As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge,changes in treatment and drug therapy are required.The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable to their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication.