重载列车轮对过盈配合面应力分布特性研究

Stress Distribution Characteristics of Interference Fit Surface of Heavy Haul Train Wheels

重载列车运行过程中,轮对过盈配合面应力分布不均匀且呈周期性变化,直接影响轮对过盈配合面的微动磨损以及微动疲劳寿命。首先利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了轮对模型,模拟不同工况下轮对在轨道上运动一周的过程。利用Matlab软件提取模拟结果中相应数据,分析了在不同过盈量、轴重以及角加速度情况下轮对以及各应力分量轴向和周向分布的影响规律,得到以下结论:重载列车运行过程中,轮对过盈配合面外端应力比内端应力大100 MPA左右。过盈配合面径向应力、切向应力比轴向应力大5倍左右,轴向应力仅为径向应力、轴向应力的1/3左右;过盈量与轴重对轮对过盈配合面切向应力影响比较显著,外侧与内侧切向应力差值最大可达到150 MPa。

During the moving of heavy-duty trains,the stress distribution of the wheel-pair interference fit surface is uneven and cyclical,it directly affects the fretting wear and fretting fatigue life of the wheel-pair interference fit surface.The finite element software ABAQUS is firstly used to establish the wheelset model to simulate the process of the wheel pair moving in orbit for one week under different working conditions.The corresponding data in the simulation results were extracted through Matlab,and the influence law of the wheelset and the axial and circumferential distribution of each stress component under different interference,axle load and angular acceleration were analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:during the moving of heavy-duty trains,the external end stress of the wheel-to-interference fit surface is about 100 MPA higher than the inner end stress;the radial stress and tangential stress of the interference fit surface are about 5 times larger than the axial stress,and the axial stress is only about 1/3 of the radial stress and the axial stress;the interference between the interference and the axle load on the tangential stress of the interference fit surface is significant.The difference between the lateral and medial tangential stresses can reach 150 MPa.