博弈环境下合作达成的策略选择

The Strategy Choice of Cooperation in the Game Environment

博弈论是研究具有竞争性质现象的理论,博弈环境充满了竞争与不合作。博弈环境下悲剧与困境比合作更容易发生,而形成非合作的纳什均衡,例如囚徒困境和公地悲剧。博弈困境的形成往往是因为博弈的竞争性质,因此构建合作策略成为了避免博弈困境的可能选择。庆幸的是,博弈环境下是有合作现象的,例如生物共生现象和堑壕战默契现象,阿克塞尔罗德更进行了"重复囚徒困境"的程序赛。在分析上述博弈环境下的合作现象时,发现合作达成的策略必须以回报为基础,并且策略要具有重复性、良善性、可激怒性、宽容性及清晰性,只有变背叛为合作的纳什均衡,才能最终在博弈环境下建构合作。

Game theory is a theory that studies the phenomenon of competitive nature,and the game environment is full of competition and non-cooperation.In the game environment,tragedies and dilemmas are more likely to occur than cooperation,and non-cooperative Nash equilibrium is formed,such as prisoner’s dilemma and Commons tragedy.The formation of the game dilemma is often due to the competitive nature of the game,so the construction of cooperation strategy has become a possible choice to avoid the game dilemma.Fortunately,there are cooperative phenomena in the game environment,such as biological symbiosis and tacit understanding in trench warfare.Axelrod even carried out the procedural competition of"repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma".When analyzing the phenomenon of cooperation in the above-mentioned game environment,it is found that the strategy of cooperation must be based on return,and the strategy must be repetitive,good,irritable,tolerant and clear,and only by changing betrayal into a Nash equilibrium of cooperation,can it finally constructs cooperation in the game environment.