侵犯网络虚拟财产行为之定性研究——以73份判决书为样本的分析

Qualitative Research on the Violation of Network Virtual Property Based on 73 Verdicts

刑法理论与实务界有关虚拟财产的财产属性以及侵犯网络虚拟财产行为的定性存在较大分歧。对于虚拟财产的财产属性主要存在3种观点:“否定说”“肯定说”与“区分说”;对于侵犯网络虚拟财产行为的定性问题,刑法理论与实务界的观点概括为:“盗窃说”“计算机信息系统犯罪说”“想象竞合说”“牵连犯说”“法条竞合说”。在我国尚未出台明确具体的刑事法律、司法解释解决侵犯网络虚拟财产行为问题的背景下,应当适时借鉴域外成熟的立法、司法理念,并结合我国司法现状,在承认虚拟财产具有财产属性的前提下,坚持按照犯罪行为所侵犯的具体法益进行定罪量刑。若符合“控制+获利说”的判断标准,即可构成盗窃罪,否则可以按照侵犯计算机信息系统数据罪等相关罪名进行定罪处罚。

There are bifurcations between the criminal law theory proponents and the practice community about the property attributes of virtual property and the nature of violating network virtual property.There are three main viewpoints on the property attributes of virtual property,including the negative theory,the affirmative theory and the differentiated theory.Regarding the nature of the behavior of violating network virtual property,the theory of criminal law and the field of law practice have put forward the following propositions:the larceny theory,the computer information system crime theory,imagined competition theory,implicated theory and the law competition theory.As China has not issued a clear criminal law and is unable to provide judicial interpretation concerning infringement on network virtual property,we should learn from the mature legislation,refer to the judicial concepts outside China in the context of the current judicial situation of China.Under the premise of acknowledging that the virtual property has property attributes,we should adhere to the conviction and sentence the criminals according to the specific legal benefits violated by their criminal acts.If the act meets the criterion of control and profitability theory,the behavior can be considered larceny.Otherwise,it may be convicted and sentenced according to the crime of infringing computer information system data.