泌乳期哺乳动物钙代谢研究进展

Mammalian Calcium Metabolism during Lactation

哺乳动物钙代谢包括钙平衡与钙稳态。钙平衡是指体内总钙含量保持相对恒定的状态,钙稳态则指细胞内外的钙离子浓度保持稳定。在哺乳动物的泌乳期,大量的钙流失到乳中,导致母体血清钙急剧下降。动物的肠道、肾脏、骨骼作为主要的钙代谢器官,将对此做出适应性改变,以维持哺乳动物在泌乳期的钙代谢稳态。哺乳动物钙代谢紊乱会严重影响母畜及幼崽的营养健康,给畜牧养殖业带来损失,因此,维持钙代谢稳态对泌乳期哺乳动物尤为重要。本文综合近年来国内外哺乳动物钙代谢相关研究,从哺乳动物泌乳期不同器官钙代谢适应性改变、血清钙和血清磷等矿物质以及钙调节因子的变化进行综述,旨在为泌乳期哺乳动物钙代谢调控的相关研究提供思路。

Calcium metabolism in mammals is the coordination between calcium balance andcalcium homeostasis. Calcium balance depends on constant calcium content in bone calcium pool, and calcium homeostasis represents the homeostasis of ionized calcium between intracellular and extracellular. During lactation of mammals, a lot of calcium in maternal was lost into milk which results in a sharp drop in serum calcium of female animal. The animal’s intestine, kidney and bone as the main calcium metabolism organs will make adaptive changes to maintain the calcium balance during lactation period. Calcium metabolism disorders of mammal will affect nutrition and health of female animal and newborn seriously, causing losses to the animal husbandry industry. Therefore, maintaining calcium balance is particularly important for lactating mammals. In this paper, the adaptive changes of calcium metabolism in different organs of mammals during lactation, the changes of serum calcium, phosphorus and other calcium minerals were reviewed as well as some calcium regulatory factors. The aim of this paper is to provide ideas for the related research of calcium metabolism regulation of mammals during lactation.