猪ELOVL6基因多态性与表达差异分析

Analysis of Polymorphism and Expression in Pig ELOVL6 Gene

为探究ELOVL6基因在猪肌肉生长、脂肪沉积等性状的分子调控机制中所发挥的作用,本实验对藏猪、滇南小耳猪、大约克猪的背脂、背最长肌和肝脏组织的ELOVL6基因进行了RT-qPCR检测,并对ELOVL6基因Intron 3区域进行了多态性分析。结果表明:ELOVL6基因在3个猪种背脂和背最长肌中的趋势完全一致,即藏猪>滇南小耳猪>大约克猪,两两之间差异极显著;在肝脏组织中,藏猪、滇南小耳猪与大约克猪ELOVL6基因的表达量与在背脂和背最长肌中一致,但藏猪与滇南小耳猪差异不显著。在ELOVL6基因Intron3区域,’G^99954A、’T^99793C、’C^99650T3个位点存在连锁突变,且国内脂肪型藏猪、滇南小耳猪均与外来瘦肉型大约克猪呈极显著差异,而藏猪与滇南小耳猪差异不显著。综上可知,ELOVL6基因’G^99954A、’G^99793A、’G^99650A位点的多态性与mRNA表达差异性显著相关,推测这3个连锁突变位点可能是调控ELOVL6基因表达的关键功能位点,为下一步开发肉质性状的遗传标记及利用分子标记实现优质猪肉的选育提供参考。

In order to explore the role of ELOVL6 gene in the molecular regulation mechanism of porcine muscle growth,fat deposition and other traits,RT-qPCR was performed on the ELOVL6 gene in backfat,longissimus dorsi and liver tissues of Tibetan pigs,Diannan small-ear pigs,and Yorkshire pigs.Polymorphism analysis was performed on the Intron3 region of ELOVL6 gene.The results showed that the ELOVL6 gene had the same trend in the backfat and the longissimus dorsi muscle;in liver tissue,the expression levels of Tibetan pigs,Diannan small ear pigs and Yorkshire pigs were consistent with those in the back fat and the longissimus dorsi.In the intron3 region of the ELOVL6 gene,there are linkage mutations in the three sites of'G^99954A,'T^99793C,and'C^99650T.Moreover,the domestic fat-type Tibetan pigs and the Diannan small-ear pigs are significantly different from the exotic lean meat type(LW),(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between Tibetan pigs and Minnan small ear pigs(P>0.05).The results showed that the polymorphisms of the ELOVL6 gene'G^99954A,'G^99793A,'G^99650A locus were significantly correlated with mRNA expression differences.It is speculated that these three linkage mutation sites may be key functional sites regulating ELOVL6 gene expression.It is of great significance to develop genetic markers for meat quality traits and to use molecular markers to achieve high-quality pork selection.